If you could change ONE thing about the government, economy, or society ... what would you change and what difference do you think it would make?
The one thing I would change about society is peoples attitudes toward, and their awareness of, each other as human beings. Especially the awareness of humans as spiritual beings. I believe this would open people to the reality of the "brotherhood of man" (gender neutral). The effects of a shift in awareness would be far reaching, changing not only social interactions between persons of differing race, gender and social standing, but would go beyond the obvious actions, like people actually being civil to one another, whether friend or stranger, to shake the very foundations of society and the 'class structure' on which it has become based. Imagine a world where your neighbors welfare was as important to you as your own. This awareness would effect everyone, worldwide. Wars over religion and religious precepts would end as people saw that the spirit was present in their neighbors. People would see that working toward common goals would be sensible, and that putting someone down, or keeping someone down, would only be hurting themselves.
I don't think this would foment a world government, and I don't think it would make everyone "equal" across the board. Those that were willing to work harder would still reap the rewards of hard work, but the difference would be that by recognizing the spiritual connection we all have, those rewards would not be gleaned at the expense of another soul. Those who were (are) not willing to contribute to society today would see that they are actually hurting or using others, and with awareness this would cease to be a factor in society. Prejudice would end. Governments would be able to get back to the business of taking care of the property (country, state, province, town, etc.) entrusted to them, rather than continuing to make a poor attempt of "babysitting" and caring for the peoples that are supposed to be taking care of themselves. The economy would grow as people worked to help people get on their feet, and stay there. I don't think Utopia would be the result, at least not for awhile, but spiritual growth comes through awareness, so perhaps in just a few generations, the world would in fact be close to it.
If I were in charge, the one thing I would focus on first is the establishment of a social contract. This is required so that people understand where they fit into society. This contract would clearly identify what society expects from it's individuals ... and in return what individuals can expect from society. This goes beyond government and the economy. This would be a contract between We, the People ... beholden to one another. In such a contract we would explicitly state the terms and conditions of our cooperative interdependence.
Currently, no such contract exists ... not even implicitly. Because of this, the economic system enslaves us and permits a small minority to reap great material rewards, and further to effectively control the lives of many. The government does not have the authority to change this. And, those in power in the economic system have no desire to lose the control they have. So long as we tolerate being prisoners of the system, there is no way out. However, the key to open the cell door is to realize that We, the People are the rightful kings in this domain. The economic system is simply a means for producing and distributing goods and services. If this system is not "serving" us, it is time to change the rules of the game so that it indeed does so.
Unless we act collectively, our individual voices have no power. It is only by making a commitment to one another, a sacred commitment codified in a social contract, that we allow our individual voices to combine in a synchronized manner that amplifies them enough to where they cannot be ignored.